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- From: cindy@solan10.solan.unit.no (Cynthia Kandolf)
- Subject: Shakespeare and the KJV
-
- It seems i've been called upon again to drag out my books one more
- time before the holidays... so here is a summary of what i was able to
- find about the King James Version:
-
- The only connection Shakespeare has to the KJV is that he was alive
- when it was published in 1611. (No connection to the KGB has ever
- been proven.) He had no part in the preparation of it.
-
- Now for a surprise: the men who worked on the KJV depended more on
- previous English translations of the Bible than on the texts those
- translations had come from, despite the fact that most of them read
- Latin and Greek. Also, they were told to consider readability and
- literary merit to be as important as scholarly accuracy, to make the
- Bible accessible to the common man (a radical concept at the time). I
- find it somewhat humorous, based on this point, that some people
- claim the KJV is the only "inspired" translation of the Bible into
- English - but i digress.
-
- Anyway, most of the English Bibles in existence then had been
- published between 1535 and 1568, when no less than five versions were
- first printed. However, versions as early as William Tyndale's 1525
- translation were used in the preparation of the KJV. (Ironically,
- Tyndale was put to death for translating the Bible.)
-
- Tyndale's Bible in fact was extensively used as the pattern for the
- KJV, and it is because of this that we say the KJV was written using
- language that was old-fashioned already at the time. Normally, one
- century makes a noticeable though not large difference in a language
- (provided you know what you're looking for, of course!) At this time,
- however, English was undergoing a period of rapid change, and much of
- the change was grammatical. So much of the language Tyndale used in
- 1525 already sounded old-fashioned in 1611 - not archaic, but somewhat
- out of fashion. The use of "thou", for instance, was common in 1525,
- but by 1611 was falling out of use - but it was used in the KJV none
- the less, mostly because it sounded good.
-
- As far as the "archaicness" of Shakespeare vs. the KJV, i don't want
- to sound snobby here but... you can't just take two pieces of
- literature and say "they both sound equally archaic to me, therefore
- they are equally archaic." Scholars that work on this sort of thing
- have to have a deep and broad knowledge of the history of the language
- they're working on. They look at individual words and grammatical
- structures, to find ones that can be dated - either when they came
- into use, or when they largely dropped out of use. It's not the sort
- of thing that can be done simply be reading them to see which one
- sounds older.
-
- Sources used:
- McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of
- English (American Edition). New York, NY, USA: Viking Penguin Inc.
- (c) 1986.
-
- Strang, Barbara M.H. A History of English. London, UK: Methuen & Co,
- Ltd. (c) 1970
-
- -Cindy Kandolf
- cindy@solan.unit.no
- Trondheim, Norway
-